Brahma’s Vamsha Now Chapter 1 of Amsha 4.

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Now, the Amsha 4.

|| Atha Prathamo Adhyaayah ||

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 1:

Maitreyah –

Bhagavan yat naraih kaaryam saadhu karmani avasthitaih |
Tat mahyam gurunaa aakhyaatam nitya naimittikaatmakam ||

Maitreyar – Those who are established in saadhu karma, vaidika karmaas, whatever one has to do, that you told me in great detail. Nitya and Naimittika karmaas which are very much required, by those who are following the vaidika dharmaas, you told me about them.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Truteeye amshe bhagavatah sthiti hetu bhoota manvaadi roopa bhedaanaam adhikaara bhedah uktah | Visheshatah cha jagatah sthiti hetuh varna aashrama dharmah sadaachaarah cha uktah |
Chaturthe amshe tu tat sthaapaka dhaarmika soma soorya udbhava kshatra vamshah tat anucharitam cha uchyate |

In the Third Amsha, in order to take care of the sustenance of this world, Manus, Manvantaraas were all told; the differences in their adhikaara was also told; various Manus, Manvantaraas, vamshaas of devaas, were all told. Especially with great detail, that which causes the sustenance of the world, that on which the world sustains, was told, which is nothing but varna aashrama dharma, and sadaachaara. It is made very clear that the world stands on these. If the varna aashrama dharmaas are followed, then the world will be peaceful, and sustenance happens in a nice way. Similarly sadaachaara. This was explained. In the Fourth Amsha, those who established this varna aashrama dharma, details of those vamshaas are going to be told. The Soma, Soorya vamsha, will all be told.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 2:

Varna dharmaah tathaa aakhyaataa dharmaa ye cha aashrameshu cha |
Shrotum icchaami aham vamsham raajnyaam tat broohi me guro ||

Also the varna dharmaas were told – aashrama dharmaas were also told in detail by you. I am interested in listening to the vamsha of all the kings, who established all these things.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 3:

Sri Paraasharah –

Maitreya shrooyataam ayam aneka yajva shoora veera dheera bhoopaala alankruto brahmaadih maanavo vamshah ||

Sri Paraasharar – Manu vamsha, I am going to tell starting from Chaturmukha Brahma, to all the Manus, it is decorated by such great kings, who were performing a lot of yaagaas, who were very valiant, and powerful.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Maitreya iti | Veerah utsaahee | Shoorah paraabhibhaavee |

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 4:

Tat asya vamshasya anupoorveem ashesha paapa prakshaalanaaya maitreya etaam shrunu ||

What is the purpose of this, all your sins will get destroyed because it is such a dhaarmika vamsha. Even listening to it will wash away all our sins.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 5:

Sakala jagataam aadih anaadi bhootah sa rik yajus saama aadimayo bhagavaan vishnuh |
Tasya brahmano moortam svaroopam hiranyagarbhaakhyo bhramaanda bhooto bhagavaan brahmaa vai praak babhoova ||

Bhagavaan Vishnu is the sole creator of this whole world. He is beginningless. He is Ringmaya, Yajurmaya, Saamaveda maya, Bhagavaan Vishnu. He is praised by the Vedaas, He is established in the Vedaas. Every word of the Vedaas is telling about Him only. He is that Brahmaa's moorta svaroopa, that which is manifested. He is called Hiranyagarbha, and is the whole Brahmaanda itself. He is Chaturmukha Brahma who was born first. He is the first chetana in the Brahmaanda, called Hiranyagarbha.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 6:

Brahmanah cha dakshina angushtha janmaa dakshah prajaapatih |
Dakshasya api aditih aditeh vivasvaan vivasvato manuh ||

From Chaturmukha Brahma's right thumb, Daksha Prajaapati was born. From Daksha, Aditi was born. From Aditi, Vivasvaan, and from Vivasvaan, Manu was born.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Braahmana iti | * Aditih hi aja nishta dakshayaa duhitaa tava taam devaa anu ajaayanta * ityaadi shruti sammatatvaat brahma dakshaadi kramah uktah |
Na tu brahma mareechi aadih |

The Brahma Daksha krama is told. Not Brahma and Mareechi.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 7:

Manoh ikshvaaku nruga dhrushta sharyaati narishyanta naabhaaga dishta karoosha prushadhyaakhyaa nava putraa babhoovuh |

Manu had nine sons. They are Iskhvaaku, Nruga, Drushta, Sharyaati, Narishyanta, Naabhaaga, Dishta, Karoosha and Prushadhra.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 8:

Ishtim cha mitraa varunayoh manuh putrakaamah chakaara ||

With the desire to beget sons, he performed yaaga Ishti for Mitra and Varuna.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Ishtim cha iti | Ikshvaaku aadi putra utpatteh poorvam ishtim chakaara |
Tasmaat iskvaaku aadi utpatteh praak ilaa janma, * Akarot putra kaamah tu munih ishtim prajaapatih || Anutpanneshu navasu punneshu eteshu suvrata || * iti vaayu ukteh |

Manu performed the Ishti first, and then got all the sons. Ilaa was born first, and then the nine sons were born. This is the order which we have to understand, though in the paatha krama, it is different. The Vaayu Puraana pramaana is being told.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 9:

Tatra taavat apahnute hotuh apachaaraadilaa naama kanyaa babhoova ||

He did Putrakaameshti for Mitra, Varuna; there was a mistake by the hotru during the yaaga. Because of the mistake they did, instead of getting a son, he got a daughter, by name Ilaa. After that, the sons were born.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 10:

Saiva cha mitraavarunayoh prasaadaat sudyumno naama manoh putro maitreya aaseet |

Then he worshipped Mitra and Varuna, and with their prasaada, Ilaa who was born as a daughter, she got turned into a male by name Sudyumna.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 11:

Punah cha eeshvara kopaat stree satee saa tu soma soonoh budhasya aashrama sameepe babhraama ||

Again that Sudyumna was roaming around in Kailaasa where Eeshvara was in ekaanta; there is a saying that whoever comes when they are in ekaanta will turn into a woman. So, he again turned into a woman. Near the Budha's aashrama, he was roaming around, after becoming a woman.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 12:

Saanuraagah cha tasyaam budhah puroorava sama aatmajam utpaadayaamaasa ||

Budha got interested in her, and he got a son Pururavas.

The story continues that he becomes Sudyumna again by the grace of the Lord. We will see these next.

We are studying Amsha 4, Chapter 1, where Maitreyar asks Paraasharar that he would like to know more about the Kshatriya vamshaas, the vamsha anucharita, and Paraasharar is starting to tell these details. He tells that Manu did a Putrakameshti yaaga, where the hotru made a mistake, and because of this, instead of a son, a daughter was born by name Ilaa. He did the Putrakaameshti yaaga to please gods Mitra and Varuna, and with their grace, Ilaa became a son, by name Sudyumna. This Sudyumna, while roaming around Eeshvara's place, because of Eeshvara's shaapa, he again turned into a woman. He was roaming around Budha's aashrama, where Budha is the son of Soma. Budha got interested in her, and had a son by name Pururavas.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 13:

Jaate cha tasmin amita tejobhih parmarshibhih ishtimaya rungmayo yajurmayah saamamayo atharvanamayah sarvamayo manomayo jnyaanamayo vijnyaanamayo annamayo amrutamayo na kinchit mayo bhagavaan yajnya purusha svaroopee sudyumnasya pumstvam abhilashadbhih yathaavat ishtah tat prasaadaat ilaa punarapi sudyumno abhavat |

Due to Eeshvara's shaapa, Sudyumna had again turned into Ilaa. After that, Yajnyapurusha, Mahaavishnu was again worshipped, with the ishti, with the desire to make Ilaa again into a man. The attributes of the Yajnyapurusha are told here, as Rungmaya, Yajurmaya, Saamamaya. He is the one praised by all the Vedaas. All the Vedic shabdaas are telling Paramaatman only. This is told also as Atharvanamaya, Sarvamaya, Manomaya (parishuddha mano graahyah), Jnyaanamaya, Vijnyaanamaya, Annamaya, Amrutamaya. Na kinchit maya means that He did not have any jnyaana sankocha like deva and others, who were all karma vashyaas, kshetrajnyaas only. Because He is the Supreme yajnya purusha Bhagavaan. The rishis desired and performed the ishti. They wanted Ilaa to become a man, desiring the manhood of Sudyumna. With His grace, Ilaa again became Sudyumna.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Jaate cha iti | Na kinchit mayah – karma kruta devaaadi roopa tat kruta jnyaana sankochaadi rahitah |

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 14:

Tasya api utkala gaya vinataah trayah putraah babhoovuh |

Then, Sudyumna had three sons, Utkala, Gaya, Vinata.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 15:

Sudyumnah tu stree poorvatvaat raajyabhaagam na lebhe |

Sudyumna, because he was born as Ilaa, he did not get any part in the kingdom of his father.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 16:

Tat pitraa tu vasishtha vachanaat pratishthaanam naam nagaram sudyumnaaya dattam tat cha asou purooravase praadaat |

Vasishta told Manu that he can give Sudyumna the city of Pratishthaana, and this city was given. This, Sudyumna gave it to his son Pururavas.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 17:

[Tat anvayaah cha kshatriyaah sarve dikshu abhavan |] Prushadhrah tu manuputro guru go vadhaat shoodratvam agamat |

All the sons, those related to him became kshatriyaas, and were present in all directions. Prushadhra, son of Manu, one of the nine sons of Manu; he killed a cow belonging to his guru, and because of that, he became a shoodra.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Prushadhra iti | Soochee kathaaha naayena alpatvaat prathamam prushadhraadi vamsha uktih |
Balandhana utpatteh pashchaat naabhaagasya vaishyatva praaptih |

This is a small vamsha, and because of this, it is told first. Prushadhra is the last son of Manu. Naabhaaga had a son Balandhana, and then Naabhaaga became a vaishya.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 18:

Manoh putrah karushah karushaat karushaah kshatriyaa mahaa bala paraakramaa babhoovuh |

Manu's son is Karoosha. Karoosha's children are Kaarooshaas. They are all Kshatriyaas; they had great valour, very valiant warriors.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 19:

Dishta putrah tu naabhaago vaishyataam agamat tasmaat balanghanah putro abhavat |

Dishta is another son of Manu. His son, Naabhaaga became a vaishya. He had a son Balandhana.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 20:

Balandhanaat vatsapreetih udaarakeertih |

Vatsapreeti was born to Balandhana, and he was very famous.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 21:

Vatsapreeteh praamshuh abhavat |

Vatsapreeti had a son by name Praamshu.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 22:

Prajaapatih cha praamshoh eko abhavat |

Praamshu had a son by name Prajaapati.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 23:

Tatah cha khanimitrah |

His son was Khanimitra.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 24:

Tasmaat chakshushah |

Chakshusha was son of Khanimitra.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 25:

Chakshushaat cha atibala paraakramo vimsho abhavat |

From Chakshusha, Vimsha was born, who was also very powerful and valiant.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 26:

Tatah vivimshakah |

Vimsha's son was Vivimshaka.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 27:

Tasmaat cha khaninetrah |

Then, Khaninetra.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 28:

Tatah cha ativibhootih |

Then, Ativibhooti.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 29:

Ativibhooteh atibala paraakramah karandhamah putro abhavat |

Ativobhooti had a son by name Karandhama, who was also very powerful and valiant.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 30:

Tasmaat api avikshit |

His son was Avikshit.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 31:

Avikshitah api atibala paramaakramah putro marutto naamaa abhavat |
Yasyema adyaapi shlokou geeyete |

Avikshit had a powerful and valiant son by name Marutta. Marutta was very famous, and there are two shlokaas which are quite popular, even to this day.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 32:

Maruttasya yathaa yajnyah tathaa kasya abhavat bhuvi |
Sarvam hiranmayam yasya yajnyavastu atishobhanam ||

Marutta did a yajnya. Nobody has performed a yajnya as he has performed, as everything was gold. All items used there were golden. It was so beautiful to look at, and was so well performed. Nobody performed yajnya like this.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 33:

Amaadyat indrah somena dakshinaabhih dvijaatayah |
Marutah pariveshtaarah sadasyaah cha divoukasah ||

In that yajnya, after having received Somarasa, Indra felt great joy. All the Brahmins were very satisfied with the dakshinaa they received. They were all feeding. All the persons sitting there in the sadas were all gods, devataas.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Amaadyat iti | Pariveshtaarah bhojayitaarah |

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 34:

Sa maruttah chakravartee narishyanta naamaanam putram avaapa |

Marutta had a son by name Narishyanta.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 35:

Tasmaat cha damah |

He had a son by name Dama.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 36:

Damasya putro raajavardhano jajnye |

Dama had a son Raajavardhana.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 37:

Raajavardhanaat suvruddhih |

From Raajavardhana, Suvruddhi.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 38:

Suvruddheh kevalah |

From Suvruddhi, Kevala.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 39:

Kevalaat sudhrutih abhoot |

From Kevala, Sudhruti.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 40:

Tatah cha narah |

Then, Nara.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 41:

Tasmaat chandrah |

Then Chandra.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 42:

Tatah kevalo abhoot |

Then Kevala.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 43:

Kevalaat bandhumaan |

From Kevala, Bandhumaan.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 44:

Bandhumato vegavaan |

From Bandhumaan, Vegavaan.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 45:

Vegavato budhah |

From Vegavaan, Budha.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 46:

Tatah cha trunabinduh |

From Budha, Trunabindu.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 47:

Tasya api ekaa kanyaa ilavilaa naama |

Trunabindu had a daughter by name Ilaavilaa.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 48:

Tatah cha aalambusaa naama vara apsaraah trunabindu bheje |

Then, a very good apsaras by name Alambusaa married Trunabindu.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 49:

Tasyaam api asya vishaalo jajnye yah pureem vishaalaam nirmame |

Trunabindu with that apsaras, had a son called Vishaala. He built a city called Vishaalaa itself.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 50:

Hemachandrah cha vishaalasya putro abhavat |

Vishaala had a son Hemachandra.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 51:

Tatah chandrah |

His son was Chandra.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 52:

Tat tanayo dhoomraakshah |

Chandra's son was Dhoomraaksha.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 53:

Tasya api sanjayo abhoot |

Then Sanjaya.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 54:

Sanjayaat sahadevah |

Then Sahadeva.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 55:

Tatah cha krushaashvo naama putro abhavat |

Then, a son called Krushaashva.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 56:

Somadattah krushaashvaat jajnye yo dasha ashvamedhaan aajahaara |

Somadatta was born to Krushaashva, and he did ten Ashvamedha yajnyaas.

There is also a paathantara that he did shata ashvamedha, 100 Ashvamedhaas.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 57:

Tat putro janameyayah |

His son is Janamejaya.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 58:

Janamejayaat sumatih |

Janamejaya had a son called Sumati.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 59:

Ete vaishaalikaa bhoobhrutah |

They all belong to Vishaala vamsha. All of them kings.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 60:

Shloko api atra geeyate |

There is a shloka also in respect of them.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 61:

Trunabindoh prasaadena sarve vaishaalikaa nrupaah | Deerghaayusho mahaatmaano veeryavanto atidhaarmikaah |

All the kings belonging to Vishaala vamsha, all live for a long time; they are all great kings, very valiant, and also following dharma.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 62:

Sharyaateh kanyaa sukanyaa naama abhavat yaam upayeme chyavanah |

Sharyaati is another son of Manu. Sharyaati had a daughter Sukanyaa. Chyavana married her.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 63:

Aanartanaamaa parama dhaarmikah sharyaati putro abhavat |

Sharyaati also had a son by name Aanarta. Who was parama dhaarmika.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 64:

Aanartasya api revata naama putro jajnye, yah asaavaanarta vishayam bubhuje pureem cha kushasthaleem adhyuvaasa |

Aanarta had a son by name Revata. He enjoyed Aanarta's kingdom, and lived in the city of Kushasthalee.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 65:

Revatasya api raivatah putrah kakudmi naamaa dharmaatmaa bhraatrushatasya jyeshtho abhavat |

Revata had hundred sons, his name was Raivata Kakudmi. He was a dharmaatmaa. He was the eldest of hundred brothers.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 66:

Tasya cha revatee naama kanyaa abhavat |

He had a daughter by name Revati.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 67:

Sah taam aadaaya kasya iyam arhati iti bhagavantam abjayonim prashtum brahmalokam jagaama |

He took his daughter Revati and wanted to know whom he should marry off his daughter Revati. In order to know who is the best person suited for his daughter Revati, he wanted to ask Chaturmukha Brahma. So he went to Brahma loka.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Sa iti | Brahma lokam jagaama iti | Brahmalokah – satyalokah na tu merusthah; yato raivate brahmanah antike tihthati eva merustho brahmaa devaih saha ashtavimshat dvaaparaante krushnaavataaraartham ksheerodam agamat iti panchame amshe vakshyati | Atah satya lokastha hiranyagarbha amsho anyo brahmaa merustha iti na virodhah |

Brahma loka is Satya loka. In Meru parvata, there is another Brahma. The one referred here is the Chaturmukha Brahma in Satya loka. The Hiranyagarbha who is there in Satya loka, his amsha only is also there in Meru; so there is no difference. Raivata is also near Brahma loka. The Brahma who is in Meru, along with all the gods, at the end of 28th Dvaapara, he went to Ksheerasaagara, in order to pray to God for Krishnaavataara. This will come in the Fifth Amsha.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 68:

Taavat cha brahmano antike haahaahoohhoo sanjnyaabhyaam gandharvaabhyaam atitaanam naama divyam gaandharvam ageeyata |

At that time, in Brahma loka, in Chaturmukha Brahma's aasthaana, the Haahaa Hoohoo gandharvaas were singing a divya gaandharva geeta, called Atitaana.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 69:

Tat cha trimaarga parivruttaih aneka yuga parivru(ttim)tteeh tishthan api raivatah shrunvan muhoortam iva mene |

Raivata along with his daughter Revati started listening to that, and though he listened for so many yugaas, so many yugaas passed by as he was listening to the divine music of the gandharvaas, he thought it was just a muhoorta. So many yugaas went just like a flash.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Tat iti | Parivruttayah parivartaah | Ete dattilaadishu drashtavyaah | Trimaarga parivruttaih chitra dakshina dhaatraakhyaah trimaargaah tat vishaye kaala vishesha yukta geeta gaana kriyaabhyaam | Aneka yuga parivruttih iti kaalaadhvanoh iti dviteeyaa | Parivruttih iti cha paathah |

These are special details about the music. There are three maargaas told – Chitra, Dakshina and Dhaatraa.

Though many yugaas passed by as he was listening to that beautiful music, he thought he had just spent a muhoorta. A muhoorta is said to be 40 minutes. 30 muhoortaas is a day. It went by so fast that he did not even realize that so many yugaas went.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 70:

Geetaavasaane cha bhagaavantam abjayonim pranamya raivatah kanyaayogyam varam aprucchat |

At the end of that singing, he prostrated to Chaturmukha Brahma, and asked him who is the suitable match for his daughter Revati.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 71:

Tatah cha asou bhagavaan akathayat kathaya yo abhimatah te vara iti |

Then Chaturmukha Brahma asked him "What do you have in your mind? Who is the best suited according to your opinion. I would like to listen to that first".

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 72:

Punah cha pranamya bhagavate tasmai yathaa abhimataanaam aatmanah sa varaan kathayaamaasa ka eshaam bhagavato abhimata iti yasmai kanyaam imaam prayacchaami iti |

Again he prostrated to Chaturmukha Brahma, and told him who all he had in his mind – who are the bridegrooms he had in mind. Then he asked Chaturmukha Brahma, among them, "Who do you think is the best suited for my daughter".

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 73:

Tatah kinchit avanata shiraah sasmitam bhagavaan abjayonih aaha |

Chaturmukha Brahma bent down his head little bit, and with a slight smile in his face, says thus –

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 74:

Ya ete bhavato abhimataa naiteshaam saampratam putra poutra apatya apatyasantatih api avaneetale asti |

Whatever names you have told, O Raivata, their sons, grandsons, great grandsons, none of them are existing today on earth. Their entire vamsha itself does not exist, so many chaturyugaas have gone already.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 75:

Bahooni tava atra eva gaandharvam shrunvatah chaturyugaani ateetaani |

Your listening to the gandharva gaana here, so many chaturyugaas have passed by in the meanwhile.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 76:

Saampratam maheetale ashtaavimshatitama manoh chaturyugam ateetapraayam vartate |

The 28th chaturyuga is now running on earth. Manu's 28th chaturyuga is now running.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Saampratam iti | Ashtaavimshati tamam chaturyugam |

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 77:

Aasan no hi kalih |

Kali yuga is about to come.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 78:

Anyasmai kanyaaratnam idam bhavataa ekaakinaa abhimataaya deyam |

You have to give your daughter Revati to someone else, whom you have in mind, and whom you like.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 79:

Bhavato api putra mitra kalatra mantri bhrutya bandhu bala koshaadayah samastaah kaalena etena atyantam ateetaah |

Even your own children, friends, wife, ministers, all your servants, relatives, your army, your treasury, everything, over a period which has passed by, is dissolved.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 80:

Tatah punarapi utpanna saadhvaso raajaa bhagavantam pranamya papraccha |

The king got scared, again prostrated to Brahma and asked him.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 81:

Bhagavan evam avasthite mayaa iyam kasmai deyeti |

O Bhagavaan, if such is the case, whom should I give my daughter in hand to?

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 82:

Tatah sa bhagavaan kinchidavanamrakandharah krutaanjalih bhootvaa sarva loka guruh ambhojayonih aaha |

Again, he bent down his head a little bit, and did anjalibandha, namaskaara; that one who was born on the lotus, said thus –

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 83:

Brahmovaacha –

Na hi aadi madhya antam ajasya yasya vidmo vayam sarvamayasya dhaatuh |
Na cha svaroopam na param prabhaavam na chaiva saaram parameshvarasya ||

Brahma –

He starts to describe the greatness and qualities of Parabrahma, and that one of His avataaras is going to manifest in the pruthivi, earth. For that, he starts to praise Bhagavaan. This is the Brahma Stuti of Paramaatman. There is no end, there is no beginning of that unborn one. We do not know His beginning or end. He is everything. He is the Creator of the world. He is everything, present everywhere. One cannot know His jnyaana aananda svaroopa.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Na iti | Svaroopam jnyaana anaandaadi lakshanam | Prabhaavam * Paraa asya shaktih vividhaiva shrooyate svaabhaavikee * ityaadi uktam prabhaavam | Saaram vishva dhaarana niyamanaadi kshamam balam |

He has all the jnyaana, bala, which are svaabhaavikee , natural to Him, not given by anyone. That Parameshvara's prabhaava, svaroopa, who can know? How He supports everything, controls everything, that power we cannot know.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 84:

Kalaa muhoortaadimayah cha kaalo na yat vibhooteh parinaama hetuh |
Ajanma naashasya sadaikamoorteh anaamaroopasya sanaatanasya ||

His vibhooti, which is Paramapada. All the parinaama which happens here due to kaala – kalaa, muhoorta, kaastha, dina, paksha, ahoraatra, ayana, samvatsara, do not happen in His vibhooti, nitya vibhooti. The kaala which is having all these divisions, does not cause any change or parinaama in the nitya vibhooti. He does not have naama, roopa, He can be present as anything, any name, any form, anywhere. He is everything, He is sanaatana. He is nitya. He does not have janma, naasha. He is unchanging.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Kaala iti | Kaala muhoorta iti anena * Tripaadasya amrutam divi * Yatra poorve saadhyaah santi devaah * Divyam sthaanam ajaram * ityaadi shruti siddhasya parama padasya akaala kaalyatvam uchyate | Ajanma naaashasya karma nimitta shareera grahana tat viyogah rahitasya | Sadaa eka moorteh – sadaa eka roopaasya | Samasta moorteh iti cha paathah | Anaama roopasya karma kruta deva aadi naama roopa asprushtasya |

Paramapada is not under the control of kaala. There, kaala is under the control of Paramaatman. Nothing happens there under the control of kaala. It is apraakruta. Janma, naasha due to karma does not happen to Him. Because of karma, being born with a body is not there for Him. Association with the body is janma, and separation from the body is marana, because jeevaatman is also nitya – this is not there for Him. Due to karma, the baddhaas get the deva and other forms and names. This is not there for Paramaatman.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 85:

Yasya prasaadaat aham achyutasya bhootah prajaasrushtikarah antakaaree |
Krodhaat cha rudrah sthiti hetu bhooto yasmaat cha madhye purushah parasmaat ||

I have become the creator because of the grace of whom – it is Paramaatman only. I am born from His prasaada, His pleasant mind, His sattva. Rudra is born from His krodha. He Himself becomes the sthiti hetu bhoota, in between Chaturmukha Brahma and Rudra. Vishnu is His own avataara, and He takes care of sustenance.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Yasya iti | Yasmaat cha madhya iti | Srashtru samhartroh madhye sthiti hetu bhootah purushah svayam parasmaat yasmaat raamaadivat praadurbhootah |

He is born Himself, as Raama and other avataaraas, as Vishnu.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 86:

Madroopam asthaaya srujatyajo yah sthitou cha yo asou purusha svaroopee |
Rudra svaroopena cha yah atti vishvam dhatte tathaa ananta vapuh samastam ||

He takes my form and does all the creation, being my antaryaami, my inner controller. Through me, He does all the creation. so, the ultimate creator is Paramaatman only. In His own manifestation, He takes care of sustenance. Taking the form of Rudra, being the antaryaami to Rudra, He does the samhaara, pralaya. Everything is shareera to Him. Everything is His prakaara, mode. He supports everything.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 87:

Paakaaya yo agnitvam upaiti lokaan bibharti pruthvee vapuh avyayaatmaa |
Shakraadi roopee paripaati vishvam arka indu roopah cha tamo hinasti ||

In order that everything can be cooked by fire, He takes the form of Agni. He takes the form of Pruthvi, and supports all the worlds. He is unchanging. Everything being His shareera, He controls everything being the inner controller of everything. He nurtures the whole world taking the form of Indra and others. He takes the form of Sun and Moon, and destroys the darkness of this world.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 88:

Karoti cheshtaa shvasanah svaroopee lokasya truptim jala anna roopee |
Dadaati vishvasthiti samsthitah tu sarvaavakaasham cha nabha svaroopee ||

He is the one who is present as the pancha vrutti praana – praana, apaana, vyaana, udaana, samaana. This is told as cheshtaa – this also comes in "Adhisthaanam tathaa kartaa karanam cha pruthak vidham |

Vividhaah cha pruthak chesthaah daivam cha eva atra panchamam" in the Bhagavad Gita. Being the praana roopa, He only does the functions of apaana, udaana, etc. He takes the form of jala and anna and gives trupti to the whole world. One who is present to sustain this whole world. He gives stability or sustenance to the world, being the sustainer of this whole world. He gives space being the svaroopa of aakaasha itself.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Karoti iti | Vishva sthiti samsthitah vishva sthityai samsthitah * Vishtabhyaaham * iti uktatvaat |

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 89:

Yah srujyate sargakrut aatmanaa eva yah paalyate paalayitaa cha devah |
Vishvaatmakah samhriyate antakaaree pruthak trayasya asya cha yah anvayaatmaa ||

The creator creates everything by Himself. He Himself became many. He nurtures everything, and He Himself is the nurturer of all. He is the destroyer who withdraws everything unto Himself. All these three functions he does separately. He is unchanging, avikaari.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Yah srujyata iti | Sargakrut yah vishvaatmanaa aatmanaa eva srujyata iti anvayah | Aatmanaa iti prakrutyaa truteeyaa | Vishva aatma bhootah svayam eva srujyata iti arthah | Evam uttaratra api | Trayasya srujyaadeh srashtraadeh cha | Pruthak na yasya asti iti paathe etat anaatmakam naasti iti arthah | * Na tat asti vinaa yat syaat * iti |

One who is the antaraatmaa of the entire world. He creates by Himself. There is another paatha which says that there is nothing which is separated from Him. Everything is Bhagavat aatmaka. There is nothing which abrahmaatmaka. Everything is Brahmaatmaka is the meaning. This is told in Bhagavad Gita as "Na tat asti vinaa yat syaat mayaa bhootam charaacharam".

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 90:

Yasmin jagat yo jagat etat aadyo yam cha aashrito asmin jagati svayambhooh |
Sa sarvabhoota prabhavo dharitryaam sva amshena vishnuh nrupteh avateernah ||

He Himself is the whole world, and everything is in Him. He is the one who is supporter of everything. Everything is standing on Him means that everything is in Him only. Everything is shareera to Him. The whole world is Him only. Jagat cha sah was told in the beginning. Everything is His prakaara, being His shareera. He only is present as everything. Shareera vaachaka shabdaas go upto shareeri. Names which are used to connote the body, extend up to the inner self. All the names extend up to Paramaatman in the aparyavasaana vrutti. He is the creator of everything. In this world, Svayambhu is also supported in Him only. He Himself is Svayambhu. He is the one who is creator of all beings. Through His own amsha, He has come down to this world, that Vishnu, He is manifesting. He has done His avataara, with His own amsha, Vishnu.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 91:

Kushasthalee yaa tava bhoopa ramyaa puree puraa abhoot amaraavatee iva |
Saa dwaarakaa samprati tatra chaaste sa keshavaamsho baladeva naamaa ||

You had a city by name Kushasthalee, which was yours, so beautiful. It was like Indra's Amaraavatee. It is now known as Dwaarakaa. Keshava's amsha, Baladeva has manifested there.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Kushasthalee iti | Poorvam velaa sthitaa satee kushasthalee krushnena samudraat labdha dvaadasha yojana sthalena saha dwaarakaa krutaa |

From samudra, he took 12 yojanaas of land, along with this, Kushasthalee got extended and became Dwaarakaa.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 92:

Tasmai tvam enaam tanayaam narendra prayaccha maayaa manujaaya jaayaam |
Shlaaghyo varo asou tanayaa tava iyam stree ratna bhootaa sadrusho hi yogah ||

Krishna's anuja, Balaraama is there. To him, give your daughter Revati. Through His own sankalpa, He is born as a man. This excellent daughter of yours, please give to Him. He is a suitable and worthy husband to your daughter.

Sri Engal Aalwaan’s Commentary:

Tasmaa iti | Maayaa manujaaya sankalpa bhoota manujaaya |

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 93:

Sri Paraasharah –

Iti eerito asou kamalodbhavena bhuvam samaasaadya patih prajaanaam |
Dadarsha hrasvaan purushaan viroopaan alpoujasa svalpa viveka veeryaan ||

Sri Paraasharar – After Chaturmukha Brahma tells him all these details, the king Raivata comes to the earth, and sees that everyone is so dwarfish, so small. Because so many chaturyugaas have gone. They were all viroopa. They had very little tejas. They had very little viveka, veerya. Compared to him, he sees all of them as very diminutive, and with very little knowledge.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 94:

Kushasthaleem taam cha pureem upetya drushtvaa anyaroopaam pradadou sa kanyaam |
Seeraayudhaaya sphatikaachalaabha vakshasthalaaya atuladhee narendrah ||

He comes to the city of Kushasthalee. It was looking very different from what it was when he used to be there. He gives the kanyaa to Seeraayudha, who is Balaraama. Whose vakshasthala had the hue of great sphatika parvata.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 95:

Uccha pramaanaam iti taam avekshya sva laangalaagrena sa taalaketuh |
Vinaamayaamaasa tatah cha saa api babhoova sadyo vanitaa yathaa anyaa ||

Taalaketu, Balaraama saw that Revati was very tall, and big compared to him. Because all the people at that time, were very diminutive comparatively, as so many chaturyugaas had already passed. He took his halaayudha, and with its edge, he pulled her down, and immediately she became as diminutive as all other people, and suitable to him.

Sri Vishnu Puraana – Amsha 4, Chapter 1, Shloka 96:

Taam revateem raivata bhoopa kanyaam seeraayudho asou vidhinaa upayeme |
Dattvaa atha kanyaam sa nrupo jagaama himaalayam vai tapase dhrutaatmaa ||

Balaraama, according to vidhi , he married her, after making her short, suitable to him, as per people who were existing at that time. After having given his daughter in marriage to Balaraama, King Raivata went to Himaalaya for doing tapas.

This is the story of Raivata and Revati. Raivata and Revati go to Chaturmukha Brahma, and get mesmerized by listening to the music of Gandharvaas there, spends many chaturyugaas there, and comes back and sees that nobody is there; Chaturmukha Brahma says that Krishna has manifested there, and His brother Balaraama is there, who is also His amsha manifested as a human, that He is the right person for his daughter. This is the story of marriage of Revati and Balaraama.

This concludes Chapter 1.

|| Iti Sri Vishnu Puraane Chaturthe Amshe Prathamo Adhyaayah ||

|| Iti Sri Vishnu Chitteeye Sri Vishnu Puraana Vyaakhyaane Chaturthe Amshe Prathamo Adhyaayah ||

***

|| Atha Dviteeyo Adhyaayah ||

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