And (on the other hand) the opposite (state may be inferred of the atoms from their possessing colour, etc., as in the observed instances.

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15. And (on the other hand) the opposite (state may be inferred of the atoms from their possessing colour, etc., as in the observed instances.

As the atoms (of earth, water and fire), are said to have colour, etc., they may be inferred to be non-eternal; for it is observed in the world (whatever material object) has colour, etc., is perishable).

16. And because in either case there would result an absurdity.

If the atoms (having colour, etc.), were eternal, then everything (effect) should be eternal. For the special characteristic which furnishes the Vaisheshika an argument to prove the eternal character of anything cannot be attributed to the atoms if they are said to have colour, etc. Again if the atoms were taken to be non-eternal, the causes of the atoms not being present or granted, there could not be the production of atoms.

17. And as the atomic theory, is not accepted by, and is contrary to, (Vedic authorities) it is to be entirely disregarded.

This theory is not countenanced by Shruti and Smriti and is opposed to them; therefore it is entirely (in a preeminent degree) unworthy of consideration. In the Moksha Dharma, Indra in the form of a Jackal says, “(I have attained to this state) being devoted to the study of Tarka (Logic) which is based upon mere perception and is productive of no good”. In this Adhikarana is refuted the theory of those that hold the aggregates of atoms to be the cause.

18. Either when the aggregates are said to be caused by aggregates or when they are said to be caused by individual atoms, it (aggregation) would be impossible.

A single atom cannot, of course, make an aggregate. If it (an aggregate) be said to be the effect of atoms acting upon each other (or the effect of another aggregate), then the fallacy of mutual dependence would result; consequently the formation of the aggregate would remain unexplained; or aggregates should always exist.

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