If it (that which it spoken of) it said to ho the qualified Brahman, we deny that, on account of the word Atman (used in the text to denote the cause of the world).

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6. If it (that which it spoken of) it said to ho the qualified Brahman, we deny that, on account of the word Atman (used in the text to denote the cause of the world).

It is not proper to hold that it is the qualified Brahman that is spoken of as capable of being seen and described, and not the unqualified; for the word Atman used to denote the Lord (precludes this view). The Vamana Purana says, “He is called Atman who is un-assailed by the three qualities of matter and un-approached by faults, with regard to whom the complex notion of abandoning and seeking together is incompatible; and, on the other hand, in the opinion of the wise, he is Anatman who is of the opposite character. The Talavakara Brahmana (has the following): — There are indeed two forms of Brahman, Atman and Anatman. Of these that which is Atman is eternal, pure, unmixed of matter) un-assailed by the three qualities; but the other which is of the opposite character is Anatman. When the primary sense (of a word) is admissible, it is not fit to take it in the secondary sense.

7. Because it is taught that he obtains final release who is devoted to it, (Brahman is referred to by the word Atman).

Indeed release cannot be obtained by him who is devoted to the qualified (Brahman). For in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad release is said to be obtained by him who is devoted to Atman, in the text “He by whom the omniscient Lord who is enshrined in the heart which is centered in the body, is properly understood, as the author of Vayu and the author of all, he attains to that exalted world which is the world of the Lord.” The Mandukya text has ‘this Atman is Brahman’. In Bhagavata it is said: “the Lord is spoken of as Brahman, Paramatman and Bhagavan (on account of his being perfect and unlimited, and Supreme Lord full of glory and grace).” (In another text of the same work) we find, “She begot Datta Durvasa Soma, Atman (Vishnu), Isa, Brahman the (four-faced) and other sons.” The following is found in the Padma Purana, “O the great one, (the spiritual) existence is said to be of two classes; namely, the soul and the Lord. Brahma and others are said to be souls, the Lord is but one who is Janardana (the saviour). In the case of others, the word Atman is used only in a secondary sense. By means of the direct realisation of such unqualified Lord, release is said to be obtained. The other (souls) are qualified whose knowledge does not lead to release. The highest and perfect Lord is Vishnu. Hence the sages say that release arises from His grace.

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