Adhikarana X — Brahman as light ix the Inciter of Pranas

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Adhikarana X — Brahman as light ix the Inciter of Pranas

In the Shruti «when the speech and other senses are asleep, the Prana alone keeps awake», we find the function of the chief Prana. In the text «these senses are seven in which the Pranas move about», we find the function of the secondary Pranas.

Doubt: The question arises: Do the senses along with the Prana perform their respective functions of their own motion, or is there some other Being who moves those Pranas to activity? Are these the Devatas who are the moving spirits of the Pranas or does the Jiva move them or is it done by the Supreme Lord?

Purvapaksha: The Purvapakshin maintains that the Pranas move of themselves, because they are endowed with energy of action, or the Devatas may be the movers of Pranas. As we find in the text, «Agni becoming speech, entered the mouth, etc». (Aitareya Upanishad, II., 4). Or the Soul may be the mover of Prana, because the Prana is subsidiary to the Jiva, and is an instrument with which it experiences pleasure and pain.

Siddhanta: The Supreme Brahman is the inciter of Prana and not the Jiva or the Devatas.

SUTRA II. 4. 14.

ज्योतिराद्यधिष्ठानं तु तदामननात्॥२.४.१४॥

jyotirādyadhiṣṭhānaṃ tu tadāmananāt ..2.4.14..

… Jyotih, fire, the Supreme Brahman called the light. … Adyadhisthanam, the chief Ruler. … Tu, but … Tat, that statement of rulership. …. Amananat, on account of being so described.

14. The Light is the prime mover of the Pranas, because the text so describes it. — 283.

COMMENTARY

The word ‘but’ is used in order to remove the doubt. The Great Light, namely the Supreme Brahman, is the first ruler or the chief inciter of these Pranas. The affix ‘lyut’ in the word ‘Adhisthanam’ has the force of agency here. Adhisthanam equal to Adhisthata. Why do we say so? Because, in the Antaryami Brahmana of the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (III., 7. 16) we find the Supreme Lord as the ruler of the chief Prana as well.

He who dwells in the Prana, and within the Prana, whom the Prana does not know, whose body the Prana is, and who pulls (rules) the Prana within, he is thy Self, the puller (ruler) within, the immortal.

This and similar texts of the same chapter show that the Supreme Ruler is the Brahman, though the secondary rulers are the Devas and the human Jivas. Prana of itself can have no motion, because it is inert matter.

The Jiva also rules the Pranas, in order to get experiences, as is shown in the next Sutra.

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