What is the skeleton? What does it do?

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Dearstudents, goodafternoon! Мы продолжаем знакомиться с темой кости человека. Ваше задание: прочитать, перевести текст (письменно) и выполнить практические упражнения. Все это я проверю по выходу в колледж.

What is the skeleton? What does it do?

The skeleton is the entire collection of bones inside our body. The skeletal system is one of the major systems of the human body, and has four major functions:

1) It protects vital organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs.

2)  It supports the body and gives us our distinctive shape. Without our skeleton, we would look more like a slug.

3)  It allows us to move in particular ways.

4)  It makes new blood cells to maintain a healthy bloodstream.

With so many important jobs to do, the skeleton is a vital part of the human body.

Putting the pieces together.

When humans are born they have around 350 bones. As they grow, some bones fuse together over time to form a single bone. As a result, adults have only 206 bones. The bones of the skeleton can be placed into two groups. The first group is called the axial skeleton, the bones that form our center. The bones of the axial skeleton support and protect the organs of the head, neck and trunk, including the skull, sternum, ribs, and vertebrae. The second part of the human skeleton is called the appendicular skeleton. It is made up of all the bones related to our arms and legs (or appendages), including the ones of the arms, hands, legs, feet, shoulder, and hip. The place where two bones meet is called a joint. There are two different types of joints: moving joints and fixed joints. In a fixed joint, the bones are fixed in place and do not move at all. The skull has many of these joints. Although it looks like one solid piece of bone, it is actually made up of 28 bones fused together with fixed joints. Moving joints allow a person to twist and bend. Bones are held together at the joints by stretchy bands of tissue called ligaments. In between the bones of a joint, there is a firm, rubbery tissue called cartilage.

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