Theme:marine environment pollution

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Theme:MARINE ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

Objectives:

1. Familiarization with new vocabulary

2. Practicing in reading, understanding causes of pollution by oil

3. Practice in construction of English sentences

Литература: Бобин Терминологический справочник капитатна

Задания выполнить в конспектах в течение пары и прислать на электронную почту одним файлом

Task 1 Study Active Vocabulary

pollution - загрязнение;

to contaminate - загрязнять;

offshore oil drilling rig - морская нефтебуровая установка;

 noxious liquid substance - ядовитое жидкое вещество;

wastes - отходы;

sewage - сточные воды;

domestic rubbish - бытовой мусор;

discharge - слив;

tank washings - промывные воды из танков;

oil spillage - разлив нефти;

bunker overflow protection - защита от перелива топлива;

monitoring equipment - контрольное оборудование;

bilge water - льяльные воды;

ppm (parts per million) - частей на миллион;

oil sludge - нефтяной шлам;

to incinerate - сжигать;

sewage treatment plant - установка для переработки сточных вод;

oil drum - бочка для нефти;

to dispose of smth. - сдавать что-либо;

to dump - сбрасывать;

fishing ground - район рыбного промысла;

to discard - списывать в утиль;

to foul - зд. наматываться;

sheeting - пленка;

to choke - закупоривать;

intake - впускное отверстие.

Task 2 Read and translate the text

With the substantial growth of vessel traffic in the world ocean the pollution of the sea has greatly increased resulting in damage to life in it and along the shores. The open sea is being polluted these days mainly from ships, or from offshore oil drilling rigs, or from port cities and sea-side settlements. What are the main potential sources of marine pollution? These are oil, oil products, noxious liquid substances carried in bulk, vessels generated and industrial wastes, sewage, domestic rub­bish, etc.

The principal cause of such pollution is the discharge of oily mix­tures from ships (tank washings from tankers) or oil spillage as a result of accidents at sea.

Arrangements to protect the external environment include bunker overflow protection whereas separation and monitoring equipment en­sures that discharge bilge water doesn’t contain more than 15 ppm of oil. Oil sludge is incinerated along with other ship-generated waste with the exception of cans and glass. Galley waste is packaged in plastic sacks in a special press for easy handling in the incinerator. The fuel in the incinerator is diesel oil. Also passed to the incinerator is sludge from the sewage treatment plants.

Waste materials, such as oil drums, lengths of wire and other heavy objects should be disposed of ashore and not dumped into the sea. These objects may be removed at considerable distances by tidal action and may arrive on fishing grounds, causing much damage to nets and loss of time to fishermen. Many ropes, cables and fishing nets are now made from synthetic materials which may float and do not rot. Such materials, when discarded, should not be dumped at sea, as they may foul the propellers of other vessels. Plastic sheeting, bags and container can choke the cooling water intakes of vessels of all sizes.

Task 3. Answer the following questions:

1.What is the main source of polluting the open sea these days? 2.Where do the pollutants of costal waters come from? 3.What substances are the most dangerous for marine environ­ment? 4.What measures on board ships are taken to protect marine envi­ronment from pollution? 5.Which materials should never be dumped into the sea? Why?6.What is the incinerator used for?7.Why are plastic sheetings, bags and containers so dangerous for the vessels?

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