Блок 3. Прочитайте текст по биологии. Установите истинность высказываний true (истинное), false (ложное), опираясь на информацию в тексте.

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Блок 3. Прочитайте текст по биологии. Установите истинность высказываний True (истинное), False (ложное), опираясь на информацию в тексте.

When you think of a food chain, you might picture a predator stalking and capturing prey. However, plants are sessile—they cannot move away from herbivores. How do plants defend themselves against predators? Understanding plant chemical defenses helps humans devise strategies to protect crops and other vegetation.

Defend or die

Some plants evolved adaptations, such as hairs, spines, prickles, or thorns on the epidermis, to repel predators. Others have silica inside their leaves, which makes them tough to eat and wears down the predator’s teeth.

Many plants produce secondary plant compounds not needed for plant metabolism. These substances might be bitter to taste or toxic to the predator. Some interfere with the predator’s digestion, growth, or reproduction.

In 2005, researchers discovered that the roots of a type of cabbage produce substances that protect the plant by killing a wide variety of bacteria in the soil.

Insect or not

It is known that plants can distinguish between an insect attack and other types of damage, such as pruning. Scientists have learned that some plants respond to certain chemicals in insect saliva. For example, a team of biochemists determined that when an insect nibbles on the plant’s leaves, a chemical signal spreads throughout the plant. This signal stimulates increased toxin production by all the leaves – not just the attacked leaves.

1. Plants are not part of food chains. False

2. Plants can’t run away from animals. True

3. Scientists study defenсe mechanisms in plants to produce better quality food from them. False

4. Plants need no substances to process food they get from the soil. False

5. Plants can attract animals. False

6. Plants can damage animals’ teeth. True

7. Bacteria can be harmful to plants. True

8. People are not dangerous to plants. False

9. Plants can produce poison that is harmful to insects. True

10. Plants cannot adapt quickly when they are being attacked. False

Блок 4. Письменная речь.

Опишите фотографию, отвечая на вопросы: где могла быть сделана фотография; кто изображён на фотографии – опишите их; что они делают; как они в данный момент относятся друг к другу; какие чувства в Вас вызывает данная фотография?

Dеscribе thе рhоtо bеlоw. Аnswеr thе fоllоwing quеstiоns:

- Whеrе might thе рicturе hаvе bееn tаkеn?

- Who are the participants of the event/situation? Describe them.

- What are they doing?

- What are they feeling towards each/one another?

- Whаt еmоtiоns dоеs the photo еvоkе in yоu?

Writе yоur аnswеr in 100-120 wоrds

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