Тема занятия: История развития железнодорожного транспорта.

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Занятие №23

Тема занятия: История развития железнодорожного транспорта.

from the history of rail transport

Задание 1. Pre – reading. Read and translate words and word combinations: Запишите выражения в тетрадь и переведите их.

steam locomotive, Catch-Me-Who-Can, circular track, miles per hour, successful steam locomotive, loaded cars, public steam railway.

Задание 2. Read and translate the text using the vocabulary notes. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст, обращая внимание на выражения из задания 1 и перед текстом.

horse power – лошадиная тяга

to overturn – перевернуться

inventor – изобретатель

The history of rail transportstarted in Greece (600 BC), and includes systems with man or horse power and rails of wood or stone for carrying freights.

Modern rail transport systems first appeared in England in the 1820s. The first railway  steam locomotive was built in 1804 by Richard Trevithick, an English engineer. Trevithick demonstrated a locomotive "Catch-Me-Who-Can" which runs on the circular track of iron rails. For a shilling the public could travel in a carriage drawn by the steam engine at a speed of 12 mph (miles per hour). But one day a rail broke and the locomotive overturned, ending Trevithick's career as an inventor.

In 1829, George Stephenson, an English inventor and engineer, built a successful steam locomotive which he called the "Rocket”. This locomotive was slower, smaller and lighter than steam locomotives developed late. However, it could draw a small train of loaded cars on the railway and developed speed of 13 mph (21 kph). The invention of the steam locomotives made the railway the most important of all means of transportation.

In 1825 he built the “Locomotion” for the Stockton and Darlington Railway which became the first public steam railway in the world.                                   

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