Тема 9. Фондовый рынок и его субъекты

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Stock – акционерный капитал; основной капитал; фонды.

Stocks амер. (shares of firms) – акции.

235. Financial assets (финансовые активы) – pieces of paper entitling the owner to a specified interest payment for a specified period; firms and governments raise money by selling financial assets.

236. Securities (ценные бумаги) - stocks and bonds that can be bought and sold.

237. Bond (облигация) – long-term financial asset; the certificate acknowledging a debt and the amount of interest to be paid each year until repayment.

238. Share (акция) - a security that is a title of ownership for part of a corporation's property.

239. Industrial shares (equities, pl. ) (обыкновенные акции) – entitlements to receive corporate dividends.

240. Shareholder (акционер) – the owner of one or several common stocks.

241. Securities market (рынок ценных бумаг) – people and organizations that buy stocks and bonds and the securities intermediaries who bring buyers and sellers together.

242. Primary market (первичный рынок) – a market in which an investor purchases financial securities (via an investment bank or other representative) directly from the issuer of those securities.

243. Secondary market (вторичный рынок) – a market for existing financial securities that are currently traded between investors.

244. Stock exchange (фондовая биржа) - the marketplace for dealing in freely transferable stocks, shares, and securities of all types - government and others.

245. Investor (инвестор) - traditionally someone who buys securities with the expectation of getting an income or profit over several years.

246. Broker (брокер) - an individual licensed to buy and sell securities for customers in the secondary market; may also provide other financial services.

247. Stockbroker (фондовый брокер) - an individual who buys or sells securities for clients.

248. Investment banker (инвестиционный банкир) - any financial institution engaged in purchasing and reselling new stocks and bonds.

249. Investment banking firm (инвестиционная банковская фирма) - an organization that assists corporations in raising funds, usually by helping sell new security issues.

250. «Bull market» («рынок быков») - a stock market in which prices are rising and there is much optimism among speculators.

251. «Bear market» («рынок медведей») - a stock market in which prices are falling and there is much pessimism among speculators.

252. Bull («бык») - an investor who expects prices to go up.

253. Bear («медведь») - an investor who expects prices to go down.

254. Institutional investors (институциональные инвесторы) - organizations whose investments for themselves and their clients are so large that they can influence prices on securities markets.

255. No-load fund (фонд без обременения) – a mutual fund in which investors are not charged a sales commission when they buy into or sell out of the fund.

256. Load fund (фонд с обременением) – a mutual fund in which investors are charged a sales commission when they buy into or sell out of the fund.

257. Market value (рыночная цена) - the price of one share of a stock at a particular time.

258. Capital gain (прибыль) - an increase in the market value of an asset.

259. Dividend (дивиденд) - a distribution of earnings to the stockholders of a corporation; the part of firms profits paid out to shareholders rather than retained to finance new investment in machinery and buildings.

260. Stock dividend (дивиденд, выплачиваемый акциями) - a dividend in the form of additional stock.

261. Cash dividend (денежный дивиденд) – a cash payment to shareholders.

262. Eurobonds (еврооблигации) - bonds sold in a country other than the one in whose currency they are denominated.

263. Bills (векселя) – financial assets with less then one year until the known date at which they will be repurchased by the original borrower.

264. Treasury bills (казначейские векселя) – government obligations with different maturities.

265. Treasury notes (казначейские билеты) – government obligations with original maturities of one to seven years.

266. Treasury bonds (государственные облигации) – government obligations with original maturities of over seven years.

267. Maturity date (срок платежа по ценной бумаге) – the dateon or before which a company must pay off the principal of a particular bond issue.

268. Par value (номинальная стоимость) – theface value of a bond; the amount to be repaid when the bond is due.

269. Yield (доходность) – the rate of return on a bond; the annual interest payment divided by the bond's price.

270. Current yield (текущая доходность) – a bond's annual dollar coupon amount divided by the current market price.

271. Default (дефолт, невозможность отвечать по платежным обязательствам) – failure to make scheduled payments of interest or principal on a bond.

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