Translate the text into Russian.

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4. Use each of the following word combinations in sentences of your own:

territory

travel across Russia by train

intact beautiful forests

The climate ranges from temperate to continental

the climate is fully continental

warm, humid monsoon conditions

short-term

long-term

court

the borders of Ukraine and Kazakhstan

at a rapid rate

fishing industry

ethnic groups

Tatars

Ukrainians

Bashkirs

Chuvash

Chechens

Armenians

Preschool

basic general education

secondary vocational education

Retell the text.

Top Sixteen Reasons for Studying a Foreign Language: give your reasons for studying languages and fill in the gaps.

1. In case you end up becoming a ________________ for your government.
2. In case you end up becoming _________________ on international flights.
3. To correctly ____________ at a foreign food restaurant.
4. To study _____________.
5. To understand the words to foreign songs like _____________ and ______________.
6. To be able to ________________.
7. To travel ________________ with more ease.
8. To increase your chances of getting ________________.
9. Learning foreign languages opens up _________________________ that didn’t even exist several years ago.
10. In case your _________________ is from another country
11. To impress _____________.
12. Businessmen want to pick up foreign languages because ________________________ on a large scale over the world.
13. Some people learn foreign languages just to _______________________ during their spare time. They want to __________________________ in different languages.
14. People also read _______________________ that helps them open a new world, to learn about other peoples’ cultures, because language is a manifestation of the culture.
15. Students ____________________ to be better educated.
16. Scientists and engineers must learn foreign languages in order not to _________________. They are greatly interested in the achievements in the science and technology in other countries. Besides, a lot of handbooks, manuals and technical specifications are _____________________.

POINT OF GRAMMAR

The Articles

an + v owel [әn]: an u mbrella, an ocean, an economist

a + c onsonant [ә]: a b all, a b oy, a book

The Indefinite Article.

-a = 'one'.

• a (or an) is used with countable nouns to indicate one.

Can I have a cup of tea?

I've got a daughter and two sons.

• a is not used before a plural noun (NOT I've got a sons).

• a is not used before uncountable nouns (NOT I want a petrol, please). But we use it when there is an adjective which describes the noun: a highly educated population, an important role

Don't forget a:

—Do you want a cup of tea? (not 'Do you want cup of tea?')

—Alice works in a bank, (not 'in bank')

—I want to ask a question, (not 'ask question')

—When I was a child, I liked reading stories.

- Birmingham is a large city in central England.

-an (not a) before a/e/i/o/u:

—They live in an old house, (not 'a old house.')

—A mouse is an animal. It's a small animal.

—Can you give me an example, please?

- This is an interesting book.

- I bought a hat and an umbrella.

also an hour (‘h’ is not pronounced: an (h)our)

but a university a European country

We use a/an for jobs etc.:

- 'What's your job?'

'I'm a dentist. ' (not 'I'm dentist.')

- 'What does she do?' 'She's an engineer.

- Would you like to be a teacher?

- Beethoven was a composer.

- Picasso was a famous painter.

- Are you a student?

another (an + other) is one word (not 'an other'):

- Can I have another cup of coffee?

- Open another window. It's very hot.

Fill in the indefinite article: a or an.

Enumerate the nouns that need an indefinite article. Which nouns from the list need no article at all?

Family Relations:

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